TOEFL Structure & Written Expression

This section is designed to measure your ability to recognize language that is appropriate for standard written English. There are 2 types of questions in this section, with special directions for each type

Structure

Directions: Questions 1-15 are incomplete sentences. Beneath each sentence you will see 4 words or phrases, marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen

1. Wai Lin in Tomorrow Never Dies and Evelyn Wang in Everything Everywhere All At Once ____ of Michelle Yeoh's famous roles.

(A) they are two

(B) two of them are

(D) are two

2. Joanne Kathleen Rowling, born in Yate, ____ famous as an author and philanthropist.

(A) became

(B) she was

(D) and she became

3. The then-Governor James Coyne ____ a reduction in the Canadian money supply in the early 1960s when the inflation began to rise.

(A) ordered

(B) are ordering

(D) will order

4. But along the jaded coastline of southeast Greenland, some polar bears ____ as homebodies.

(A) has survived

(B) is surviving

(D) are surviving

5. The raw material of perception for all the senses consists of neural impulses ____ to differently specialized parts of the brain.

(A) they are channeled

(B) channeled are

(D) which channeled are

6. Some early tribes mistook the hyena's distinctive call, which ____ to hysterical human laughter or the cries of lost souls.

(A) to equated

(B) some have equated

(D) have equating

7. While it is traditionally assumed ____ designed for consumers, it is perhaps more accurate to say that the media content is actually geared towards the needs of advertisers.

(A) that mass media content is

(B) mass media content that is

(D) mass media content is that

8. Commercial organizations spend a lot of effort and money on naming products, devising slogans, and creating messages ____ meaningful to the buying public.

(A) will be that

(B) that will be

(D) that it will

9. Latin America, ____ the deserts of northern Mexico to the icy wilds of Tierra del Fuego in Chile and Argentina, encompasses many diverse countries and people.

(A) extended from

(B) that extended from

(D) it extended

10. ____, one of the most cosmopolitan cities, Melbourne, is home to people from over 100 nations.

(A) Australia as the second-largest

(B) Australia was the second-largest

(D) Australia's second-largest

11. ____, one of the most famous presidents, was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth.

(A) Abraham Lincoln was

(B) For Abraham Lincoln

(D) Off all the presidents

12. Caffeine's effect will last for several hours, depending on how quickly or slowly ____ by the body.

(A) metabolizing

(B) can be metabolized

(D) it is metabolized

13. The hippo ____ underwater for three to five minutes and has been known to stay under for up to half an hour.

(A) commonly remaining

(B) common remaining

(D) common remains

14. When San Diego's summer heat has withered most flowers, ____ bloom.

(A) of lilies

(B) as soon as lilies

(D) by the time lilies start

15. The color or texture of a piece of music depends on how the voices or instrumentals are used, and how ____ or orchestrated.

(A) are they combined

(B) they are combined

(D) is it combined

Written Expression

Directions: In questions 16-40, each sentence has 4 underlined words or phrases. The underlined parts of the sentence are marked (A), (B), (C) and (D). Identify the underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order for the sentence to be correct. Then, on your answer sheet, find the number of the question and fill in the space that corresponds to the letter of the answer you have chosen.

16. The sound of a number of different notes played simultaneous creates harmony.

(A) sound

(B) different

(D) harmony

17. During parasocial relationships still remain one-sided, they have transformed into more interactive environments, allowing individuals to communicate with their personas.

(A) During

(B) they

(D) communicate

18. Just as artists are described in terms of movements such as Baroque and Rococo, literary history is defined by authors united in particularly style, technique or location.

(A) described

(B) movements

(D) particularly

19. The 'Black Swan Theory' refers only to unexpected events of large magnitude and consequential, and their dominant role in history.

(A) refers

(B) unexpected

(D) dominant

20. A stress person may experience fleeting moments of concern, while a person with anxiety usually experiences symptoms for longer periods of time.

(A) stress

(B) fleeting

(D) experiences

21. In the United States, England, and another major nations, patents were awarded at the rate of about 5,000 per year per nation.

(A) In

(B) another

(D) nation

22. While the astronomical polar night, stars of the sixth magnitude, which are the dimmest stars visible to the naked eye, will be visible throughout the entire day.

(A) While

(B) which are

(D) will

23. Experiments using gene therapy represent a giant step into the future of medicine.

(A) using

(B) represent

(D) of

24. After visited army camps near Washington D.C, in 1861, Julia Ward Howe wrote 'The Battle Hymn of the Republic.'

(A) visited

(B) near

(D) wrote

25. Certain authorities claim that the costumes that people wear to parties given subtle insights into their personalities.

(A) claim

(B) people

(D) their

26. Research have shown that people with high emotional intelligence are more successful in both their personal and professional lives.

(A) have shown

(B) in

(D) lives

27. Although formed in San Francisco, Journey reached the height of its popularity during the 1980s.

(A) formed

(B) the

(D) during

28. The Fibonacci sequence have shown up in various natural phenomena such as hurricanes and galaxies.

(A) have

(B) shown

(D) galaxies

29. The term 'Chinatown' has usually been used to refer to Chinese neighborhood outside Asia.

(A) usually

(B) used

(D) neighborhood

30. Researchers at the University of Southern California recently discovered that having too many friends on social media could leading to emotional burnout.

(A) recently

(B) having

(D) leading

31. Despite his extensive studies in political science, Jenna chose to pursue a career in environmental activism.

(A) his

(B) extensive

(D) pursue

32. Arctic foxes, that are well adapted to cold climates, have thick fur and compact bodies.

(A) foxes

(B) that

(D) compact

33. Most historians agree that each of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World were a masterpiece of engineering and art.

(A) each

(B) were

(D) art

34. The difference among psychologists and psychiatrists lies in the fact that psychiatrists can prescribe medications, while psychologists generally do not.

(A) among

(B) in

(D) do

35. Only after the technician repaired the server did the website began functioning properly again.

(A) repaired

(B) did

(D) functioning

36. Pluto, once consider the ninth planet in the solar system, was reclassified as a dwarf planet by the International Astronomical Union in 2006.

(A) consider

(B) was

(D) in

37. The governor as well as the mayor have agreed to implement stricter measures to combat the rising crime rates.

(A) have

(B) stricter

(D) rates

38. Each of the athletes and coaches were asked to submit their schedules before the tournament.

(A) athletes

(B) coaches

(D) their

39. If the company would have invested in renewable energy a decade ago, it could have avoided many financial losses.

(A) would have

(B) could

(D) financial

TOEFL Simulation Test

Section 2: Structure and Written Expression

Structure

Written Expression